In the final episode of Harlem and Moscow: Red Flags we’re taking the conversation to the present day with the daughter of the 1932 trip organizer Louise Thompson Patterson. Playwright Alle Mims sits down for an enlightening and heartwarming conversation with MaryLouise Patterson. The pair discuss MaryLouise’s childhood as a “red-diaper baby” with parents in the Communist Party USA, famous family friends like Harry Belafonte, Bea Richards, and Paul Robeson, and a teenage trip to the USSR in the 1960s. Alle and MaryLousie also talk about McCarthyism, Louise’s FBI file, and the modern concerns of leftist organizers. Then, MaryLouise leaves us with a positive word about her love for Black people and encourages us to get active in our own communities.
CREDITS
Music Courtesy Of:
Transition
URSS Soviet Chorus
Full Transcript Below:
Announcer: You are now listening to theGrio Black Podcast Network, Black Culture Amplified.
Regina Griffin: Welcome comrades to the final episode of Harlem and Moscow Red Flags, the official companion podcast to our audio play, Harlem and Moscow. I’m Regina Griffin, the executive producer of both the play and the companion podcast. With me is my Grio comrade, Sam Riddell. Sam, I feel like the Meschrapbom official right now.
Sam Riddell: Heh heh heh heh heh.
Meschrapbom Official (Harlem and Moscow): Welcome, negro comrades! Welcome to the Soviet Union!!
Regina Griffin: We’re just saying goodbye, not hello. So Sam, you know, Dorothy West thought she was going to Moscow for a few months to make a movie. She came back one year later. That’s the same thing that happened with our production of this podcast.
What was supposed to be a few months, and here we are more than a year later, wrapping this bad boy up.
Sam Riddell: It has been a long, but fulfilling journey. And I’m so glad that we’re finally here. And we finally presented this thing that we’ve been working so hard on to the world. I’m proud of us.
Regina Griffin: Yes, yes, yes. I’m so happy that we are at the end too.
Um, but you know, the first time I read Alle Mims amazing script, I knew I wanted to know more about the story. I knew we had to produce a companion podcast to have experts come on and tell us who are these people and why did they go to Moscow and what was it about this time in this period that made traveling to the Soviet Union so appealing to Black people?
We’ve had some of the top experts in the world on Red Flags breaking all this down. So check it out. Um, you’ll see Sam’s episode sex in the Soviet union. It’s, it’s really good stuff. We’ve learned a lot. Um, there’s a scene in episode one. before they set sail, where Langston Hughes says, we need to take a picture.
Langston Hughes (Harlem and Moscow): Oh, Louise, we need a picture before we sail.
Louise Thompson (Harlem and Moscow): Ha! You heard the man. Gather around.
Regina Griffin: And then Louise starts gathering everybody around. Come on, come on, come on. Take this photo. The first time I saw this real photo, I was mesmerized. Like, this group of young, gorgeous Black people about to take the trip of their lives.
So, Sam, I’ve got a question for you, um, having produced the play and all the subsequent research that went into putting this together, which person on this trip do you identify with most?
Sam Riddell: That’s a really fun question. So I think I’m, I’m going to take a cop out. I’m going to say a blend of two characters because I’m definitely like, Uh, Mildred Jones, sort of like, let’s get into things, let’s dip and dabble, no attachments, let’s have fun.
But also, um, I really love traveling and I travel by an itinerary, like to the T. I’m definitely the one who’s wrangling folks around, so there’s, there’s a lot of Louise Thompson in me too.
Regina Griffin: Yeah, for me, it’s Louise Thompson Patterson. No doubt, I’m Louise Thompson Patterson. Here’s historian Tanisha Ford on Louise Thompson Patterson.
Tanisha Ford: Louise Thompson, later Louise Thompson Patterson, um, is not an artist, but she’s working closely with people like Langston Hughes, who becomes one of her best friends, and Zora Neale Hurston. She works for one of their, their patrons. Uh, so she’s, she works as a secretary. You know, transcribing a lot of their work, um, doing that kind of secretarial work, the behind the scenes work that matters.
She grew up in in California, a member of Delta Sigma Theta sorority. For people, some people that might really be a big thing to know. You know, a mentor, a mentee of WEB Du Bois, uh, she becomes an activist in college. Um, she then goes off to, to Hampton Institute, for example, and she’s a professor there among other places, and she’s really supportive of the students who are protesting against, um, this very patriarchal system within the HBCU system at that time.
Um, and she’s really disaffected with what she sees as this white leadership of these. Black institutions. She moves to New York city where she almost immediately becomes interested in labor issues and communist party politics. She’s one of the few people on the trip who actually has a legit tie to the CP USA, the communist party USA.
So she is definitely deeply rooted in a political base and foundation. She also cares about the arts. So I love that. She’s like a bridge figure between the, the. Mollie Moons and the Dorothy West’s of the world and the Langston Hughes’s and you know, some of the other visual artists of the world, too.
Regina Griffin: Yeah, I can totally see myself trying to get Panama and Michael Harriot and Christina Greer to go on this trip.
I’m like, come on, y’all. We’re going to Moscow. We’re making a movie. J. Ivy’s going. Tarrey Torae’s coming. Y’all need to come too. I totally see myself doing it. I don’t think I could get most of them to come. I think a few of them would tell me no. But I think most of them come along with me to Moscow.
Sam Riddell: I see it too.
I think that’s why we work so well together on this trip, kind of corralling people across the continent and at different times and space. Yeah. There’s, there were two Louises putting this whole thing together.
Regina Griffin: No that’s great. And Mildred Jones, like Mildred, Mildred is so chill. Like love Mildred. She’s just like, I’m going with the flow.
I’m not worried about a thing.
Sam Riddell: Wish I could’ve met her. Wish I could have met her. We would have been good friends.
Regina Griffin: So when we, we started putting together the companion podcast, we started looking for descendants of people who went on this trip. And to my delight and surprise, not only did we find a descendant, we found the descendant of the organizer of the trip, Louise Thompson Patterson.
We found her daughter, Mary Louise Patterson. We were all fangirling. when we got to see and talk to Mary Louise. I mean, she was so kind, so generous with her time. Sam, I know you, you read her book as part of the research in this trip.
Sam Riddell: Yeah, that was incredible. After the play, I was already fangirling and then I fell in love with this book, which is basically these very intimate letters between Louise and her later husband and Langston Hughes and kind of like the gossip and the shade and all this kind of stuff.
She put together an amazing book that kind of encapsulated the time. It’s a really good supplement to this play.
Regina Griffin: Yeah, she’s, she’s just fantastic. So we are so proud to present to you our conversation with Descendant, Mary Louise Patterson and playwright Alle Mims.
Alle Mims: Well, thank you again for being here.
This is incredible. And I, I am a little speechless. I mean, um, I just wanted to start out by saying that, um, so often people, and I’ll include myself, we think of this as sort of like ancient history and like, oh, it happened so long ago. And so to speak to the daughter of someone who I have spent the last two years researching, it’s, it’s kind of just beautiful.
Brings it so into the present and the now moment. So I just wanted to say that. And thank you so much for, for joining us for this. Um, I, I’m happy to. Yeah. Incredible. Um, well, I, I mean, I love your mother. It’s been, it’s been an honor to tell just a small chapter, literally a chapter of her story. Um, I think I would love to start with, um, I think one of the questions I mentioned, which is what was it like growing up?
Um, Um, with your mother sort of in the middle of, of this social circle, um, were there other people who went on this trip to Moscow that you had a chance to meet? Um, was she still, you know, holding salons and things when, when you were born or, or what was that like? What, who were the people who were sort of around her while you were growing up?
MaryLouise Patterson: What was it like growing up with my parents? I would say it was really wonderful. First of all, they were older when they had me. Yeah. So they were already grown up, and which is not the usual way, and it’s not totally unusual, but most parents were much younger, maybe even two decades, as much as two decades younger.
Um, and in terms of my dad, maybe even three decades younger, uh, and having children. So my parents were already established, you know, adults, well established adults, and having lived very exciting lives and in some ways I think maybe I was kind of, um, You know, not that, that I wasn’t as exciting to them as the first part of their lives and the middle part of their lives, but it may have been a little bit anticlimactic to have me at the point that they did in terms of all that they had done prior to having me.
Um, so, you know, my mother was in her early forties and my dad was in his, um, early Yeah, early
fifties.
And, um, by that time, my mother wasn’t the, the Harlem Renaissance was long gone and long over. And, and so those kinds of salons that, that were held, um, very often all over the place, uh, uptown, downtown, um, in the city, uh, at that time, you know, were not happening and anymore.
This was, um, Now the McCarthy period and so, um, people who were openly identified as, uh, either being members of the Communist Party or fellow travelers, uh, sympathetic in any way to the Soviet Union, um, were not, you know, were not, were a persona non grata and, um, I don’t know whether you know or not. My father was even, um, Was in prison during that period.
So, um, they weren’t having those kinds of salons, but it makes sense, but there were people who they knew, particularly black actors, um, and writers who, um, because of racism, because they didn’t have entree to Hollywood or to Broadway. Um, and if they had. inclinations in that direction of progressive politics or progressive ideologies, um, still were To a greater or lesser degree, um, were, uh, in the larger circles, so my parents were in their larger circles.
I’m thinking of, um, like Harry Belafonte, and Ossie Davis, and Ruby Dee, and then later on Beah Richards, although she wasn’t an actress at the time. So these were people who were not in the Communist Party, but who I guess one would say were in the larger progressive movement. In terms of their ideologies, whether they were active in politically or just active it through their craft of applying their craft.
Um, so they knew people like that. And, uh, There would be dinner parties and, um, you know, children stayed up to a certain hour and then you would shoot off to bed. I knew these people as a child. I didn’t know these people as someone who was really kind of functioning on their own and thinking for themselves.
And, you know, so I can’t, I can’t bring that, um, Understanding that experience to the conversation. So yes, I knew Langston. He was uncle Lang to me. I knew Paul Robeson. Um, he was uncle Paul to me, but again, I was a child, but growing up with them was because they were older. I wasn’t babied. I was, they weren’t down on the floor with me, you know, doing building blocks and.
Yeah, I was giving books. I was reading. I was, I was going to meetings, political meetings. I was going to demonstrations. I was, I was in marches. Um, I was in the office. I learned how, I don’t even know if you know what I’m getting ready to say, a mimeograph machine. Yes. Do you know what that is?
Alle Mims: Yes. I’ve seen it in movies.
MaryLouise Patterson: Right. Well, yeah, I mean, that’s, that was my upbringing, was actually in, um, in activism, in their, in their activism. I was introduced very early, and then my father went to jail, so we visited him in jail. So I knew very early. on that my parents were considered dangerous, anti American, because they were anti American, and that what they believed in was, um, anathema to what we, allegedly, the United States said it was all about.
And yet, I, my parents were great people. My parents were wonderful people, and I loved them, and I believed that they were the best people, you know, walking the planet. And that their friends were the best people walking the planet too. And, um, and they talked about freedom, and they talked about liberty.
And, and they talked about a world where all the, my dad would say, all the Marylews have, um, you know, enough to eat and a roof over their head. And I thought there was nothing wrong with that. Absolutely. To this day I don’t think there’s anything wrong with that. Yeah. So, um, So, so there was this kind of contradiction where outside my house, in school, on the radio, um, my parents were the enemy.
And so, so my parents enemy became my enemy.
And
that was while I was still, you know, not really thinking for myself. And then when I came of age and started thinking of myself, I said, Oh, they sure are my enemy.
So then they really became my enemy. I mean, at that point they were my parents enemy, but then they became mine. But my parents also embraced me in other ways. Uh, for instance, uh, we did family activities like a lot of other families. Uh, we played Scrabble. They taught me how to play cards because they were card players.
They played Honeymoon Bridge. They taught me how to play bridge and Pinochle and we played Scrabble. We were a big Scrabble family. Um, but those people from the Harlem Renaissance, with the exception of Langston, um, they I’m trying to think who else. There was no one else by that time that they were still in close contact with.
Mm mm-Hmm. . And in
some cases, like, um, with Poston and Moon. Mm-Hmm. . Um, by that time, you know, there was a big sc a schism between right, between the NAACP and the Urban League and the traditional black, uh, political sociopolitical leadership. And anything that had to do with the communist party. So, um, they weren’t socializing at all with any of those people.
And then people like Dorothy West, I mean, she kind of went her own way. And, um, and some of the other people kind of faded, you know, into the woodwork. Uh, and then there were those who stayed, a couple who stayed on, you know, in the Soviet union. So, um, Yeah, from that, that group, that was really a group that was cobbled together.
They weren’t friends before they went, you know, these were just people who just kind of individually came to responded. However, they responded to the, to this announcement that there was this opportunity and, and they, and they got the 90 and they, you know, and they went. So these weren’t people that had any connection to one another beforehand.
Um,
and then there was, you know, as you know, there was the big divide there. Yes. Yes.
Alle Mims: As, as the trip ending, right. Wow. Things changed so quickly. And, and for me, you know, I spent so long just in the early 1930s that, um, I’m just now, I feel like I’m branching out and sort of trying to link, you know, between the 1930s and the 1960s.
So that’s, that’s really great. But remember,
MaryLouise Patterson: we went through the fifties. And, you know, if you read that period of the 50s and the Red Scare was real. I mean, it was very, very, very real. The same is for people of Muslim or Arab descent, you know, right after 9 11 and the, uh, the, the, the fear mongering and the creating of this atmosphere of hatred and, um, You know, um, that the other ring and the other is the devil.
And, you know, you’ve got to get, you’ve got to kind of exercise them from your, you know, from your life and from your country. And, you know, um, so it, it, there was a real Paul over this nation and McCarthy and McCarthyism, you know, extended way beyond McCarthy’s life, way into the sixties. And, uh, yeah,
Alle Mims: I mean, I feel it even now.
I mean, um, Yeah, it’s a resurgence. Um, and even in telling people about this story, there are times that I hesitate to bring up the communist aspect, even though it’s obviously so important, and that’s who was behind the trip, and obviously the Soviets were sponsoring a lot of it. And, um, I still feel when I call certain people on the trip, communists, or even, as you said, fellows, travelers, sympathizers, I almost feel like I’m condemning them even in death.
Like I’m not allowed to call them a communist because they never got their card because they never specifically said they were a communist. And. Um, there are times when other people will say to me, Oh, this is a great, you know, story about communist history. And I find myself sort of like shrinking away from that, of, of, of hesitating to say that even though it absolutely is.
And you know, I agree with you a hundred percent, there’s nothing wrong with wanting equality for people, housing for people, food for people, clean water. There’s nothing wrong with any of that, but we’ve just as Americans had it drilled into us that. Those desires are anti American and I remember when I first started my research, I found your mother’s FBI file and it just kind of blew my mind that I was like, yes, it’s on the Internet Archive.
Well, a lot of it is blacked out. Um, but it’s on the internet archive there. At least it was the last time I checked. This was probably two years ago at this point. It was very early on. Actually, I downloaded it. I have a copy of it in my, in my, um, digital files. I could totally send it to you. Um, I will, I, I, I, I will.
Um, it’s there. Like I said, there is definitely a lot of redacted information. Um, I didn’t end up using that much of it. But it definitely mentions the trip and, um, I believe I found Langston’s FBI file as well. And it just goes to show like how deep this goes and, and how the government was so against these things.
And, you know, it’s so, um, I think. I don’t think, you know, we as Americans really understand, um, the, the, the plots that were hatched in order to stop this movement and, and continue, like you said, there’s been a resurgence and to continue to stop it. Um, also I read that you spent some time in Moscow studying as well.
Um, I’m interested in, um, what brought you to that decision, uh, what, what it was like there for you and, uh, if, if you saw any similarities to what your mother experienced while she was there.
MaryLouise Patterson: So briefly, you’re going to have to, um, I should say, I’m supposed to be writing my memoir, so you’ll have to buy, uh, the, uh, complete version.
Okay. This is the bridge. Um, so I went off to the Soviet Union in 1960 after I graduated high school. My father had gotten his passport back after having it lifted, um, nine years earlier in 1951, revoked, not, yeah, revoked in 1951. So he had gone off to, um, he, he went off on a trip. Um, I was told that he was, uh, in Europe and that he was in Paris, which he had been.
Um, when he left New York, he flew to Paris. And. Or maybe flew to London and then went to Paris. But anyway, he had gone to Paris and, um, that my mother and I were going to join him. And, um, meanwhile I had applied to, uh, Oberlin college and a couple of other colleges and Oberlin had accepted me, but I, there was no money and my parents didn’t have any money.
So, um, you know, I was going to go to, I guess, Brooklyn college or city college Um, when I, uh, after that summer, but we got to Europe, we got to France and Paris and um, I don’t recall exactly how we learned about the opening of this new school called um, uh, People’s Friendship University in Moscow and that they were looking for students from all over.
And by that time, when my mother and I got to Paris is when I found out that my father was in the Soviet Union. And so Khrushchev had made this announcement about this opening of the, of the school and, um, that, you know, students from, um, prior colonialized and, and, and current colonialized countries were, um, being, you know, we’re going to have the opportunity of coming to the Soviet Union and studying.
and then going back to their countries, uh, skilled, you know, learned, um, professionals in whatever fields they studied and so that they could build their own countries, um, or help build their own countries. So this announcement was made by him. And my father was, was not at that meeting, but he was in the Soviet Union at that time.
And he had been sent by the Communist Party, uh, to the Soviet Union. So he was meeting with officials within the Communist Party in the government. And, um, but meanwhile, we were in Paris, and I didn’t know any of this, right? I mean, I didn’t, by the time, when we got to Paris, then I was told that he was in the Soviet Union.
But before we got to Paris, I didn’t know that. And, um, so we were in Paris in 1960. This is during the, um, The Algerian revolution and their, their revolutionary struggle for liberation. So it was a very heady time and, um, and here I am an impressionable 17 year old and, um, You know, very much pro revolutionary, very much, you know, down with colonialism, you know, down with imperialism.
And there was just a lot of hope in the air and a lot of organizing and a lot of rebellion and resistance to an old order that, you know, that people were trying to put us under. And so that’s when I got to Moscow. Um, I wound up staying because I first of all I was excited. I, you know, to go to school with young people from all over the world was, you know, an opportunity that one could not in one right’s mind, say no to.
So, um,
I stayed.
Alle Mims: I love that. I love I didn’t know that story, but, um, That y’all went there, uh, together as a family.
MaryLouise Patterson: Well, yeah, I went
with my mother. And then my mother had not been there since the 1930s.
Alle Mims: Right, right. I didn’t know she went back at all. Yeah. Wow, that’s incredible.
MaryLouise Patterson: Yeah. So she
revisited a number of the places that they had gone, uh, in the 1930s.
Right.
Yeah. Oh my
Alle Mims: gosh. Did she say that they had changed very much?
MaryLouise Patterson: Oh, yes.
Alle Mims: Yes, I’m sure. I’m sure.
MaryLouise Patterson: When they went to Tashkent, um, the Russians had just helped, um, the Uzbekis, um, establish a language, a written language, that is, I’m sorry, a written language, not an, not an oral language, a written language. Um, and, um, Um, they established schools and universities, um, in Tashkent and, and throughout Uzbekistan.
And then of course, other republics as well, um, and women were allowed to go to school and women were allowed to take off the burqa, which, um, you know, now there’s a lot of debate about the burqa and it’s, it’s pros and cons, but back then it was seen as, um,
as a relic of the past. And as, uh, um, Uh, an oppressive, um, practice, um, the big unveiling this unveiling, the unveiling was a big to do and trials were held where, um, fathers and, and brothers had actually killed their, their young women because they, they took it off. Um, so they, and they got to go through some of those trials.
You know, back in the 19 thirties, so she, she goes back, you know, 30 years later and sees tremendous transformation, you know, um, not only are women in, in school, but women are, you know, heading up departments and heading, heading up, uh, government, you know, departments and, and, uh, writing books and performing on stage and in hospitals doing operations and et cetera, et cetera, you know, Stuff that 30 years older was only imagined, you know, in the realm of imagine of the imagination of what could be.
And now she was seeing it in real life. Um,
Alle Mims: yeah. Wow, that’s incredible to go back and see that type of progress. Mm hmm. I understand you studied medicine, um, and then went on to be a pediatric doctor, correct? Um, and I loved, I read, I read an article, um, that I believe you wrote, uh, and I just saw, it got me, it got me thinking about, you know, the different roles within the movement within a revolution or a resistance and how you as a doctor were, you know, Working against oppression in a, in a similar way that your mother was while she was, you know, in a courtroom or a counselor, things like that.
And I loved reading about your work at, um, Attica prison. And I’m wondering if you could talk a little bit about how medicine for you was like your road, um, uh, for, for resistance, for, um, the movement, for uplifting the black community. And how maybe your mother influenced that, even though you didn’t. Walk the same exact career path as her,
MaryLouise Patterson: you know, Alle.
I never, I never really thought of it that way. Um, back then, um, my girlfriend was here today and, um, she, her parents were also in members of the communist party. So she’s a red diaper baby like me. Diaper baby.
Alle Mims: I’ve never heard that before.
MaryLouise Patterson: You’ve never heard that term? No. You’re too young.
Alle Mims: That’s beautiful.
MaryLouise Patterson: We were called red diaper babies. And, um,
Alle Mims: I have to write that down.
MaryLouise Patterson: And we were talking about, um, you know, that time. Anyway, um, I’m older. I’m a month older than she is. And so, um, You know, about those of us who were red diaper babies who embraced our parents ideology and the path that they took and other red diaper babies who, um, did not, in fact, um, were very angry, um, and disappointed and, um, turned and walked the other way in the exact opposite direction.
So, in terms of being a doctor, you know, early on, there was a group. That came together around, um, medical aid for Cuba. Um, so, uh, There were various and sundry times that there were groups of doctors in the country who, you know, were progressive, varying, varying degrees of progressive and who, um, being doctors, you know, used medicine to, to show solidarity, to be in solidarity, um, with, Communities, uh, poor communities in the South, um, during the Civil Rights Movement, um, going to Nicaragua early on after the Sandinista Revolution, going to Cuba, um, and so I was a part, I was a part of those, but I also, um, I think one of the things my parents, one of the, one of the, what most wonderful gifts they gave me was, A love, um, for black people, for all oppressed peoples, but that’s kind of a nebulous, you know, but black people, I knew, I was one, and a love for our people, a real profound, genuine love.
For black people for our culture, and it’s and our culture as a weapon, our court culture as, uh, you know, survival for us. Um, I’m I’m indebted to them for that. Um, I really, I really am. And so, to use medicine to encourage young black children, um, and adults to study medicine to study science. Um, to discover themselves their own bodies.
how they, how they work, um, to try to excite them, instill some excitement, uh, in them. Um, so, you know, I did, I did a lot of that, um, and, and talking in schools to kids and, and then in my office, um, or in the office, not my office, I never owned any, I never owned anything, um, any medical practice, but in the office.
Um, to make sure that I told every black child that as a patient, um, how beautiful they were, um, to make them feel that, uh, I really cared and, um, and that they were, you know, as Jesse Jackson was want to say, they were somebody, they were somebody worth caring about,
um,
and spending time with. Um, so, you know, that’s really kind of how I plowed my My field, um, and then more recently, uh, Physicians for a National Health Program, um, which is a national organization in New York.
Uh, we are the Metro, um, New York, uh, chapter of the Physicians for a National Health Program. And then also being a part of the New York Health Act and fighting for, Uh, you know, on a, on a, on a state scale, uh, universal health care for at least the, those of us that live in New York, um, including people who, and you may never have heard of this and that’s one of the problems, but there is a New York health act.
To fight for universal health care. I mean, it is a right. Every human being should be entitled to the basic necessities that make life livable, make life possible. And to not do that, and to say intentionally, we are not going to do that, you know, um, is, is inhumane. It is certainly inhumane. amoral and it is in my mind criminal.
For my father who was rather, I mean I never saw him as such but other people say he was a little rigid, maybe tending towards dogmatism sometimes.
You know, the world was divided into, I guess, if you were religious, if you could see it as good and evil, and then you’d have to describe, you’d have to define who’s good and who was evil, but he saw it as, you know, you were either for the people or you weren’t for the people, you were for yourself. And, um, he was always for the people.
So, you know, I, as I said, I embraced what they believed, um, to be the, the, those values, that understanding of the world and my place in it. Um, I got from them and I embraced that. I believe that and I have tried to pass that on to my children and in talking to anybody I’ve tried to say. It’s about us. It’s not about me.
It’s about us. That’s
Alle Mims: beautiful. Yeah. That is so beautiful. I love that. I mean, you’re getting me fired up. Now I gotta go look up the, the health act, see if I can do anything.
MaryLouise Patterson: Please, yes you can. Yes you can do something!
Alle Mims: I’ll look it up.
MaryLouise Patterson: You too, Regina, and you too, Sam!
Regina Griffin: Wow. I think that is definitely a career highlight for me.
Same.
Sam Riddell: Same. That was fantastic.
Regina Griffin: It was great. And it’s a great way to end our series. Um, so that wraps up Harlem and Moscow, Red Flags. Thank you. Thank you, Sam, for doing such a tremendous job on this project. I want to thank all the experts who helped us better understand the significance of this trip. I want to thank the cast and the
crew.
I wanna thank everyone on theGrio Black Podcast Network team, past and present who made this project possible. Um, thank you for support and until the next adventure.
Sam Riddell: Bye.
